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1996-02-27
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Document 0380
DOCN M9630380
TI Immunotoxicological screening of morphine and methadone in an extended
28 day study in rats.
DT 9603
AU van der Laan JW; Krajnc EI; Krajnc-Franken MA; van Loveren H; Laboratory
for Medicines and Medical Devices, National Institute; for Public Health
and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, The; Netherlands.
SO Int J Immunopharmacol. 1995 Jun;17(6):535-43. Unique Identifier :
AIDSLINE MED/96022704
AB Drug addicts are prone to infection with viruses including hepatitis-B
and HIV. Besides indirect effects as a consequence of lifestyle, heroin
and methadone may also enhance the risk of infections by a direct
immunotoxic effect affecting resistance. In addition to general
toxicological screening, we therefore performed a screening for
potential immunotoxicity of morphine and methadone. Rats treated orally
with different dosages of morphine or methadone for 6 weeks showed only
a minor effect of overt toxicity on liver and spleen at the high dose,
whereas at lower doses an increase in the relative weight of the
mesenteric lymph nodes and an increase in cell density in the medullary
cords were observed histopathologically, indicating a specific effect on
humoral immunity. This specific immunotoxic effect was corroborated by
an increased IgG concentration in serum (significant for the
methadone-treated group). Further immunotoxicological research is needed
aimed at revealing the potential risk of opiate use with respect to
immune function. In conclusion, the present paper showed the
toxicological profile of morphine and methadone in an extended 28 day
subchronic study. Specific immunotoxicological effects were observed at
doses where no effects were seen in routine toxicological evaluation,
suggesting that the immune system is sensitive to opiates.
DE Animal Animal Feed/TOXICITY Body Weight/DRUG EFFECTS
Diacetylmorphine/BLOOD/*TOXICITY Drug Administration Schedule Drug
Stability Eating/DRUG EFFECTS Immunoglobulins/BLOOD/DRUG EFFECTS
Immunosuppressive Agents/*TOXICITY Lymph Nodes/DRUG EFFECTS/PATHOLOGY
Male Methadone/BLOOD/*TOXICITY Organ Weight/DRUG EFFECTS Rats Rats,
Wistar JOURNAL ARTICLE
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).